Longyuan Mulilo De Aar Maanhaarberg Wind Energy Facility
#154of 1935 in Renewable energy#4of 59 in South Africa#57of 1339 in Verra (VCS)#112of 1287 in ACM0002
Audit Analysis
A standard VCS wind energy project (ACM0002) with a VVB-verified investment additionality test and a reasonable 0% leakage deduction for grid-connected generation. However, the project is weakened by the absence of FPIC, six inter-document contradictions, a 2018 grid emission factor applied to 2023 monitoring, and low extraction confidence across the document set.
Red Flags
- FPIC was not conducted, per the 2024 verification report, despite the project operating in South Africa where community engagement is expected
- Six contradictions exist across documents (benefit sharing, ERR figures, baseline method, additionality test type, FPIC status, leakage justification), indicating inconsistent record-keeping
- Grid emission factor of 0.9871 tCO₂/MWh is from 2018 and was applied to the 2023 monitoring period without evidence of an update
- Minimum extraction confidence is rated low, meaning at least one key document was poorly readable and data reliability is compromised
- Benefit sharing is not described in the most recent (2024) verification report, contradicting the 2022 report
Credit Vintages
| Issued | Retired | Available | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | 56,026 | 0 | 56,026 | |
| 2018 | 1,407 | 11 | 1,396 | |
| 2019 | 716,886 | 636,791 | 80,095 | |
| 2021 | 283,286 | 141,415 | 141,871 | |
| 2022 | 251,421 | 187,717 | 63,704 | |
| 2023 | 30,000 | 7,866 | 22,134 | |
| Total | 1,339,026 | 973,800 | 365,226 |
Risk Indicators
VVB-verified investment test
Avoidance project, no reversal risk
0% deduction, quantified justification
Project-specific baseline, 2018 grid EF
Grievance present, FPIC not conducted
CORSIA and CCP status unstated
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